Fungal canker pathogens trigger carbon starvation by inhibiting carbon metabolism in poplar stems.
Identifieur interne : 000950 ( Main/Exploration ); précédent : 000949; suivant : 000951Fungal canker pathogens trigger carbon starvation by inhibiting carbon metabolism in poplar stems.
Auteurs : Ping Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Wenxin Liu [République populaire de Chine] ; Yinan Zhang [République populaire de Chine] ; Junchao Xing [République populaire de Chine] ; Jinxin Li [République populaire de Chine] ; Jinxia Feng [République populaire de Chine] ; Xiaohua Su [République populaire de Chine] ; Jiaping Zhao [République populaire de Chine]Source :
- Scientific reports [ 2045-2322 ] ; 2019.
Abstract
Carbon starvation is the current leading hypothesis of plant mortality mechanisms under drought stress; recently, it is also used to explain tree die-off in plant diseases. However, the molecular biology of the carbon starvation pathway is unclear. Here, using a punch inoculation system, we conducted transcriptome and physiological assays to investigate pathogen response in poplar stems at the early stages of Botryosphaeria and Valsa canker diseases. Transcriptome assays showed that the majority of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in stem phloem and xylem, such as genes involved in carbon metabolism and transportation, aquaporin genes (in xylem) and genes related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and the phenylpropanoid pathway (related to lignin synthesis), were downregulated at 7 days after inoculation (DAI). Results also showed that the expression of the majority of disease-resistance genes upregulated in poplar stems, which may be connected with the downregulation expression of the majority of WRKY family genes. Physiological assays showed that transpiration rate decreased but WUE (water use efficiency) increased the 3 and 7 DAI, while the net photosynthetic rate decreased at 11 DAI in Botryosphaeria infected poplars (ANOVA, P < 0.05). The NSC (non-structural carbohydrates) content assays showed that the soluble sugar content of stem phloem samples increased at 3, 7, and 11 DAI that might due to the impede of pathogen infection. However, soluble sugar content of stem xylem and root samples decreased at 11 DAI; in contrast, the starch content unchanged. Therefore, results revealed a chronological order of carbon related molecular and physiological performance: declination of genes involved in carbon and starch metabolism first (at least at 7 DAI), declination of assimilation and carbon reserve (at 11 DAI) second. Results implied a potential mechanism that affects the host carbon reserve, by directly inhibiting the expression of genes involved in carbon metabolism and transport.
DOI: 10.1038/s41598-019-46635-5
PubMed: 31300723
PubMed Central: PMC6626041
Affiliations:
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carbon metabolism in poplar stems.</title><author><name sortKey="Li, Ping" sort="Li, Ping" uniqKey="Li P" first="Ping" last="Li">Ping Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Liu, Wenxin" sort="Liu, Wenxin" uniqKey="Liu W" first="Wenxin" last="Liu">Wenxin Liu</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhang, Yinan" sort="Zhang, Yinan" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yinan" last="Zhang">Yinan Zhang</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Xing, Junchao" sort="Xing, Junchao" uniqKey="Xing J" first="Junchao" last="Xing">Junchao Xing</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Li, Jinxin" sort="Li, Jinxin" uniqKey="Li J" first="Jinxin" last="Li">Jinxin Li</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Feng, Jinxia" sort="Feng, Jinxia" uniqKey="Feng J" first="Jinxia" last="Feng">Jinxia Feng</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Su, Xiaohua" sort="Su, Xiaohua" uniqKey="Su X" first="Xiaohua" last="Su">Xiaohua Su</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China. suxh@caf.ac.cn.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Zhao, Jiaping" sort="Zhao, Jiaping" uniqKey="Zhao J" first="Jiaping" last="Zhao">Jiaping Zhao</name><affiliation wicri:level="3"><nlm:affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China. zhaojiaping@caf.ac.cn.</nlm:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">République populaire de Chine</country><wicri:regionArea>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing</wicri:regionArea><placeName><settlement type="city">Pékin</settlement></placeName></affiliation></author></analytic><series><title level="j">Scientific reports</title><idno type="eISSN">2045-2322</idno><imprint><date when="2019" type="published">2019</date></imprint></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass></textClass></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Carbon starvation is the current leading hypothesis of plant mortality mechanisms under drought stress; recently, it is also used to explain tree die-off in plant diseases. However, the molecular biology of the carbon starvation pathway is unclear. Here, using a punch inoculation system, we conducted transcriptome and physiological assays to investigate pathogen response in poplar stems at the early stages of Botryosphaeria and Valsa canker diseases. Transcriptome assays showed that the majority of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in stem phloem and xylem, such as genes involved in carbon metabolism and transportation, aquaporin genes (in xylem) and genes related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and the phenylpropanoid pathway (related to lignin synthesis), were downregulated at 7 days after inoculation (DAI). Results also showed that the expression of the majority of disease-resistance genes upregulated in poplar stems, which may be connected with the downregulation expression of the majority of WRKY family genes. Physiological assays showed that transpiration rate decreased but WUE (water use efficiency) increased the 3 and 7 DAI, while the net photosynthetic rate decreased at 11 DAI in Botryosphaeria infected poplars (ANOVA, P < 0.05). The NSC (non-structural carbohydrates) content assays showed that the soluble sugar content of stem phloem samples increased at 3, 7, and 11 DAI that might due to the impede of pathogen infection. However, soluble sugar content of stem xylem and root samples decreased at 11 DAI; in contrast, the starch content unchanged. Therefore, results revealed a chronological order of carbon related molecular and physiological performance: declination of genes involved in carbon and starch metabolism first (at least at 7 DAI), declination of assimilation and carbon reserve (at 11 DAI) second. Results implied a potential mechanism that affects the host carbon reserve, by directly inhibiting the expression of genes involved in carbon metabolism and transport.</div></front></TEI><pubmed><MedlineCitation Status="In-Process" Owner="NLM"><PMID Version="1">31300723</PMID><DateRevised><Year>2020</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>11</Day></DateRevised><Article PubModel="Electronic"><Journal><ISSN IssnType="Electronic">2045-2322</ISSN><JournalIssue CitedMedium="Internet"><Volume>9</Volume><Issue>1</Issue><PubDate><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>12</Day></PubDate></JournalIssue><Title>Scientific reports</Title><ISOAbbreviation>Sci Rep</ISOAbbreviation></Journal><ArticleTitle>Fungal canker pathogens trigger carbon starvation by inhibiting carbon metabolism in poplar stems.</ArticleTitle><Pagination><MedlinePgn>10111</MedlinePgn></Pagination><ELocationID EIdType="doi" ValidYN="Y">10.1038/s41598-019-46635-5</ELocationID><Abstract><AbstractText>Carbon starvation is the current leading hypothesis of plant mortality mechanisms under drought stress; recently, it is also used to explain tree die-off in plant diseases. However, the molecular biology of the carbon starvation pathway is unclear. Here, using a punch inoculation system, we conducted transcriptome and physiological assays to investigate pathogen response in poplar stems at the early stages of Botryosphaeria and Valsa canker diseases. Transcriptome assays showed that the majority of differentially expressed genes (DEGs) in stem phloem and xylem, such as genes involved in carbon metabolism and transportation, aquaporin genes (in xylem) and genes related to the biosynthesis of secondary metabolites and the phenylpropanoid pathway (related to lignin synthesis), were downregulated at 7 days after inoculation (DAI). Results also showed that the expression of the majority of disease-resistance genes upregulated in poplar stems, which may be connected with the downregulation expression of the majority of WRKY family genes. Physiological assays showed that transpiration rate decreased but WUE (water use efficiency) increased the 3 and 7 DAI, while the net photosynthetic rate decreased at 11 DAI in Botryosphaeria infected poplars (ANOVA, P < 0.05). The NSC (non-structural carbohydrates) content assays showed that the soluble sugar content of stem phloem samples increased at 3, 7, and 11 DAI that might due to the impede of pathogen infection. However, soluble sugar content of stem xylem and root samples decreased at 11 DAI; in contrast, the starch content unchanged. Therefore, results revealed a chronological order of carbon related molecular and physiological performance: declination of genes involved in carbon and starch metabolism first (at least at 7 DAI), declination of assimilation and carbon reserve (at 11 DAI) second. Results implied a potential mechanism that affects the host carbon reserve, by directly inhibiting the expression of genes involved in carbon metabolism and transport.</AbstractText></Abstract><AuthorList CompleteYN="Y"><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Ping</ForeName><Initials>P</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Liu</LastName><ForeName>Wenxin</ForeName><Initials>W</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhang</LastName><ForeName>Yinan</ForeName><Initials>Y</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Xing</LastName><ForeName>Junchao</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Li</LastName><ForeName>Jinxin</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Feng</LastName><ForeName>Jinxia</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Su</LastName><ForeName>Xiaohua</ForeName><Initials>X</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Institute of Forestry, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China. suxh@caf.ac.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author><Author ValidYN="Y"><LastName>Zhao</LastName><ForeName>Jiaping</ForeName><Initials>J</Initials><AffiliationInfo><Affiliation>State Key Laboratory of Tree Genetics and Breeding, Forestry Institute of New Technology, Chinese Academy of Forestry, Beijing, China. zhaojiaping@caf.ac.cn.</Affiliation></AffiliationInfo></Author></AuthorList><Language>eng</Language><PublicationTypeList><PublicationType UI="D016428">Journal Article</PublicationType><PublicationType UI="D013485">Research Support, Non-U.S. Gov't</PublicationType></PublicationTypeList><ArticleDate DateType="Electronic"><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>12</Day></ArticleDate></Article><MedlineJournalInfo><Country>England</Country><MedlineTA>Sci Rep</MedlineTA><NlmUniqueID>101563288</NlmUniqueID><ISSNLinking>2045-2322</ISSNLinking></MedlineJournalInfo><CitationSubset>IM</CitationSubset></MedlineCitation><PubmedData><History><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="received"><Year>2019</Year><Month>01</Month><Day>11</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="accepted"><Year>2019</Year><Month>07</Month><Day>01</Day></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="entrez"><Year>2019</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate PubStatus="pubmed"><Year>2019</Year><Month>7</Month><Day>14</Day><Hour>6</Hour><Minute>0</Minute></PubMedPubDate><PubMedPubDate 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uniqKey="Liu W" first="Wenxin" last="Liu">Wenxin Liu</name><name sortKey="Su, Xiaohua" sort="Su, Xiaohua" uniqKey="Su X" first="Xiaohua" last="Su">Xiaohua Su</name><name sortKey="Xing, Junchao" sort="Xing, Junchao" uniqKey="Xing J" first="Junchao" last="Xing">Junchao Xing</name><name sortKey="Zhang, Yinan" sort="Zhang, Yinan" uniqKey="Zhang Y" first="Yinan" last="Zhang">Yinan Zhang</name><name sortKey="Zhao, Jiaping" sort="Zhao, Jiaping" uniqKey="Zhao J" first="Jiaping" last="Zhao">Jiaping Zhao</name></country></tree></affiliations></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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